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Patented Dec. 20, |898. Y

W. N. GRAVES.

BRICK KILN.

(Application med .my 1e, 189s.)

(No Model.)

4 Sheets-Sheet I.

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BRICK KILN.

(Application led July 18, 1898.)

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Shout 2.

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Wln E 5 S E 5 :[IEILLB No. 6|6,4|5. Patented Dsc. 20, |898.

W. N. GRAVES.

BRICK KILN.

(Appucatin med .my 1s, 189e.)

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 3.

a f l f f r E r f r lill@ I Patented Dec. 20, |898.

W. N. GRAVES.

BRICK KILN. l (Application led July 18,` 1898.)

4 sheets-#snaai 4.

(No Modal.)

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UNITED STATES PATENT l OFFICE.

wILLIS N.- GRAVES, OE Sr. LOUIS, MISSOURI, ASSIGNOR 'ro 'run HYDRAULIC PRESS BRICK COMPANY, or SAME PLACE.

BRICKhKlLN:

sPncIFIcATIoN arming part of Letters Patent ive. 616,415, dated December 2o, 189s.

Application filed July 18, 1898.

To all whom t may concern:

Beit known that I, WILLIS N. GRAVES, a citizen of the United States, residing at the city of St. Louis, in the State of Missouri, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Brick-Kilns, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification.

My present invention relates to certain improvements in what are known as continu- Y ous brick-kilns.

.My invention consists in features of novelty hereinafter fully described, and pointed out in the claims.

Figure I is a top Or plan view of my liinproved kiln. Fig. II is a view part in elevation and part in section taken on line II II, Fig. I. Fig. III is an enlarged detail top view. Fig. IV is an enlarged vertical transverse section taken on line IV IV, Fig. III, looking in the direction of the arrow that crosses the section-line. Fig. V is an enlarged detail vertical section showing part of the longitudinal partition and part of one of the portable flues. Fig. VI is lan enlarged detail vertical section taken on line VI VI, Fig. III. Fig. VII is a top view of one of the sand-fboxes of the caps or valves. Fig. VIII is an enlarged transverse section of one of the portable air-fines, the section being taken on line VIII VIII, Fig. IV. Fig. IX is an enlarged vertical section of one of the hoods of the central ue of the kiln. Fig. X is an enlarged detail horizontal section taken through the lower longitudinal dues at the chimney end of the kiln, the location of the chimney being shown in dotted linesy and the fan bcing shown in plan view.

The kilns of the class to which my invention relates have a number of chambers in which the bricks are burned. I have shown formed a iiue 20, (see Fig. IV,) from which extend short vertical iiues 20. (See Fig. V and dotted lines, Fig. IV.) The chambers Serial 110,686,232. (No model.)

have solid floors, except at one side of each chamber there is a grate 2l, and vbeneath each grate there is a flue 22, the lues running transversely of the kiln, those on one side of the kiln being separated from those on the other side by the partition I9. The outer ends of the dues 22 communicate, as shown in Fig. IV, with longitudinal side flues 23 24, there being two of these flues on each side of the kiln. The fiues 24 extend to a chimney or uptake 25, as shown in Fig. X and by dotted lines, Fig. I, while the iiues 23 extend to a suction-fan 27, and they may be provided with branches 28, (see Fig. X and dotted lines, Fig. 1,) extending to the ychimney and provided with valves 29. The communication between the fines 22 and the. vdues 23 and 24 is controlledv by valves 23 and 24:, provided with stems 30, by which theygcan be readily moved.

3l represents destructible ypartitions (preferably of paper) which form the only separation `between the different chambers of the kiln. These partitions resist the passage of the air from one chamber to another until they are burned out, and then the separation between vthe chambers thus having the partitions destroyed disappears. Each chamber has an individual furnace 32 for the preliminary work of drying the bricks in the respective chambers. n

33 represents vertical flues formed in the side Walls of the kiln and which communicate with the individual furnaces (See Figs; II and IV.) 1

34: represents portable air-dues open at the bottoni except, from A to B (see Fig. V) and having necks 35, adapted to lit over the upper ends of the fines 20 and 33, the dues being preferably provided with sand boxes or rings 3G to receive the necks of the ducs, as shown in Fig. V.

In placing the bricks in the chambers they are laid so as to form a number of vertical spaces or openings in each chamber, one of which is shown at 37, Fig. VI.

green bricks, there are one or more layers of )VlicnA the l chambers areviilled almost te the top with 35 over the iiues 33, the'open bottom of the being thus conducted from the Yindividual work be produced by the chimney or uptake.

' that chamber 15 is empty, while the chambers vmachinery that drives it the valves 29 may `23a having been closed and the valves 24-a 37 in thev mass of greenbricks occur rings 39 are placed, the rings' being formed with sandchambers 40, adapted to receive caps 41. A number v0f .these rings 'are shown in Fig. III, and an enlarged view of one of themis shown inFig.-VL .v When a chamber has been lled and covered, as referred to, a fire is startedin its individual furnace 32 to remove the mechanical water from the' bricks. In removing this mechanical water it is'necessary that it should be done without theuse of fuel that contains sulfur, or otherwise Athe bricks will be discolored, and for this reason the individualfurnacesare provided in which coke, gas, or some such form of fuel is used. During this preliminary process of burning the bricks the portable dues 34 are placed with their necks ues being set over part of the' rings 39, as shown in Fig. III, and as shown also in Fig. I at the chambers 11, 12, 13, and 14, the heat furnaces through the troughs, from where it passes into the chambers, and passing down through the green bricks enters the ues 23, (the valves 23L of these chambers being open,) the draft for this circulation being produced by the suction-fan 27, which aiords a strong draft that-may be regulated to suit the conditions. In case of accident to the fan or the be opened and the draft for this preliminary When the mechanical water is thus removed from the bricks, ordinary soft coal is dropped into the openings37 by removing the caps 41, and when the openings are filled the caps 'are replaced and the coal burns in numerous places through the mass of bricks in each chamber, the draft being created bythe chimney through the nues 22 and 24, (the valves opened,-) the chimney now being utilized to produce the draft during the main stage of the burning of the bricks and when fuel is being used that produces a considerable amount of smoke. During this principal stage of the are not used, but are moved over to another chamber, where the preliminary burning referred t0 is going on.

During the preliminary burning, while the mechanical ywater is being driven off the destructible partitions keep the chambers separated; but after this preliminary burning is accomplished the partitions become consumed and the chambers become as one chamber.

Referring to Fig. I, by way of illustrating the operation of lthe kiln, it may be 'assumed 16, 17, 18, and l have all been burned, and 16, 17, and 18 may have been emptied, while chamber lis still too hot to be' emptied. In chambers 14, 13, 12,and 11 the mechanical wateris being driven out by heat from the bers and said fines,

individual furnaces. In chambers 10 and 9 passed to the chambers 10 and 9 by means ofthe,l portable ues being placed over some of the rings 39, the necksof the fines being placed over the fines 20, so that the heat passes from chambers 2, 3, and 4into the line 20, andv from thence into thechambers 1 0'V vand. 9 through the portable tlues (shown in Fig. I) over the chambers 10 and 9. This hot air, passing down through the bricks'in chambers-lOaud 9, enters the ues 23under the vdraft of the suction-fan.` The bricks in chambers 8 and 7 arelbeing burned by hot'air and gases passing to-them from the chambers 6 and 5, the paper partitions between the-chambers 6, 7, and 8 having been burned out. At

this time the coal in chambers 8 and '7 has not been ignited. In chambers 6 and 5 the bricks are being burned by the coal contained in the openings 37. In lthe chambers 4, 3, and 2 the bricks have been burned and the fires in the openings 37 extinguished. Part of the hot air is passed from the chambers 4, 3, and 2 at this time through the bricks in' chambers 5, 6, 7,' and 8, (supplying oxygen to the-,fuel in chambers 6 and 5,) and part also passes, as stated, through the portable ues and the flue 2O to the chambers 9 and 10.

This continuous operation is kept up`by a fresh,` chamber being filled each day, chamber 15 being 'filled one day and the portable flues from chamber 11 being moved over` to chamber 15. The next day chamber 16 would be filled and the portable flues from chamber 12 be moved to chamber 16, and the portable iiuesl at the right of Fig. I are advanced in like manner from one chamber to another.

To provide sucient room at the ends of the partitions 19 for the portable ilues to connect with the flue 20 I locate hoods 43 on thetop of the kiln, which communicate, as shown in Fig. IX, with the flue 20, andin these hoods openings are formed to receivethe necks of the portable dues used for the cham bers 2, 3, and 4 and for the chambers 1l, 12,

and 13.

I claimas my invention- 1. In a continuous brick-kiln, the combination of a series of chambers having individual furnaces and havingindividual iues covered by grates, a central partition provided with flues, a pair of side iiues communicating-with a chimney,a pair of side flues communicating with a suction-fan, and portable dues for forming communication between said chambers andthe central and side iiues, substantially as set forth. v Y

2. Inacontinuous brick-kiln, the combination of a series of chambers having individ ual furnaces, a pair of side flues'cnnmunicat-V ing with a suctionffan and a pair of side fines communicating with a chimney, valved com# munication between the `bottoms of saidcham a central partition having fines, 'and-portable tluesadaptedto formcoininunication between said ehauibersvand said central fines, substantially as set forth.

3. In acontinuous brick-kiln, the combination of a se'ries of chambers having individual furnaces provided with vertical iiues 1ocated in the side walls of the kiln, horizontal ues located in the side walls of the kiln and communicating with means for producing a draft, a central partition provided with fiues and portable flues adapted to form a communication between said chambers and said central and vertical side ues, substantially as set forth.

4. In a continuous brick-kiln, the combina,- tion of a series of chambers havingindividual furnaces provided with vertical lues locatedin the side walls of the kiln, portable dues adapted to form a communication between said chambers and said vertical flues,` valved sid-edu QS forming a communication between said chambers and a suction-fan whereby ai draft is produced for the drying of the bricks, and side flues forming a communication between said chambers and achimney whereby a draft is produced for the'burhing ofthe bricks, substantially as set forth.

5. AIn a continuous brick-kiln, the combination of -a series of chambers separated'by destructible partitions and having individual" furnaces provided with vertical flues located in the side walls of the kiln, a central-partition provided with flues and hoods at the ends thereof, portable ues adapted to form comm unications between the chambers and said VWILLISNl GRAVES;

In presence of I E. S.'KNIGHT, STANLEY STONER. y 

